【TED-Ed】高海拔如何影响你的身体-外刊兽-英语杂志电子版PDF下载网站

If someone teleported from sea level to the top of Mt.Everest, things would go bad fast. At an altitude of 8,848
meters, barometric pressure is approximately 33% of what it is at sea level. This means there’s significantly less oxygen in the air, and our teleported individual would likely suffocate in minutes. However, for people that make this same journey over the course of a month, it’s possible to survive at the peak for hours. So what can happen to our bodies in just one month that allows us to endure this incredible altitude?

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⼀个⼈如果从海平⾯瞬移到珠穆朗玛峰顶上，其⾝体情况会迅速恶化。在 8848 ⽶的海拔⾼度上，⼤⽓压只有海平⾯⾼度的三分之⼀，这意味着空⽓中的氧⽓极度稀少，⽽这个可怜的⼈在⼏分钟内就会窒息。但是，那些花⼀个⽉攀登到⼭顶的⼈却能够在⼭顶上存活好⼏个⼩时。所以，在这短短的⼀个⽉当中我们的⾝体究竟发⽣了什么，让我们能够忍受这⾼得不可思议的海拔？

Let’s imagine you’re one of the 5.8 billion people living less than 500 meters above sea level. When you take a breath at this altitude, your lungs fill up with air composed of numerous gases and compounds. Most important among these are oxygen molecules, which bind to the hemoglobin in your red blood cells. Blood then circulates throughout your body, bringing essential oxygen to all your cells. But as altitude increases, the air starts to get thinner.

oxygen molecules 氧分⼦

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假设你是住在海平⾯ 500 ⽶以内的那 58 亿⼈中的⼀个。在这个海拔⾼度深吸⼀⼜⽓，由多种⽓体和化合物组成的空⽓就会充满你的肺，其中最重要的就是氧分⼦，氧分⼦与红细胞中的⾎红蛋⽩结合，这样⼀来，当⾎液在体内循环，⾄关重要的氧⽓就会抵达所有细胞。但当海拔升⾼，空⽓也随之变得稀薄。

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