【TED-Ed】没有夏天的一年-精读（含中英双语字幕文稿）-外刊兽-英语杂志电子版PDF下载网站

We know that cooling temperatures impacts precipitation,extreme weather, and other climate phenomena,

but it’s difficult for even the most advanced computer models to predict how or where these consequences will occur.

One country’s solar radiation management might be another country’s unnatural disaster,causing extreme weather or crop failures like those following Tambora’s eruption.

And even if these schemes did safely cool the planet,solar radiation management doesn’t address the greenhouse gases that are causing global warming.

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我们知道，降温会影响降水量、极端天气和其他气候现象，但即使是最先进的计算机模型也难以预测这些后果会在何时何地发生。一个国家的太阳辐射管理可能会成为另一个国家的不自然灾害，导致像坦博拉火山喷发后出现的极端天气或作物歉收等情况。即使这些计划真的安全地降低了地球温度，太阳辐射管理并不能解决造成全球变暖的温室气体问题。

Cooling [ˈku:lɪŋ] (noun) 降温 – 指气温下降的过程或状态
Impacts [ˈɪmpæktz] (noun) 影响 – 指某种因素对其他事物产生的作用或影响
Precipitation [prɪˌsɪpəˈteɪʃən] (noun) 降水 – 指大气中水汽经过凝结形成的雨、雪、霜等降水形态
Extreme weather [ɪkˈstri:m ˈwɛðər] (phrase) 极端天气 – 指异常剧烈、持续时间较长的天气现象，如暴风雨、干旱、洪水等
Climate phenomena [ˈklaɪmɪt fɪˈnɑmɪnə] (phrase) 气候现象 – 指与气候有关的各种自然现象，如气温、降水量、气压、风力、云量等
Computer models [kəmˈpju:tər ˈmɒdlz] (phrase) 计算机模型 – 指利用计算机对一定范围的问题进行建模以预测结果的方法
Predict [prɪˈdɪkt] (verb) 预测 – 指根据现有的信息、数据和模型对未来进行推测或判断
Consequences [ˈkɑnsəkwɛnsiz] (noun) 后果 – 指某个行为或事件所产生的结果或影响
Occur [əˈkɜr] (verb) 发生 – 指某件事情在一定时间或地点内发生
Unnatural disaster [ˌʌnˈnætʃrəl dɪˈzæstər] (phrase) 不自然灾害 – 指由于人为因素导致的灾害，如环境污染、工业事故等
Greenhouse gases [ˈɡrinhaʊs ˈgæsɪz] (phrase) 温室气体 – 指能够阻碍地球表面热量散失，从而使大气层温度升高的气体，包括二氧化碳、甲烷、氮氧化物等

These solutions are just highly experimental band-aids that the world would have to endure for at least a few decades while we work on actually removing CO2 from the air.

And if we pulled that band-aid off prematurely,global temperatures could rapidly rebound,causing a period of intense super warming.

For these reasons and more solar radiation management is risky. Today, researchers are running small-scale experiments,such as enhancing marine clouds to protect the Great Barrier Reef from further heating and bleaching.

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这些方案只是高度实验性的临时措施，全球需要至少忍受几十年来真正从空气中去除二氧化碳。如果我们过早地摘掉这个临时措施，全球温度可能会迅速反弹，引起一段强烈的超级变暖期。出于这些原因和更多原因，太阳辐射管理是有风险的。今天，研究人员正在进行小规模实验，例如增强海洋云来保护大堡礁免受进一步升温和漂白的影响。

Endure [ɪnˈdjʊr] (verb) 忍受 – 指在困难或不愉快的环境中坚持下去
Prematurely [prɪˈmætjʊrli] (adverb) 过早地 – 指某件事情发生的时间比预期的要早，不够成熟或完善
Rebound [rɪˈbaʊnd] (verb) 反弹 – 指某种物理量或经济现象在达到低谷后重新上升
Intense [ɪnˈtɛns] (adjective) 强烈的 – 指程度非常高、剧烈或严重的
Bleaching [ˈblitʃɪŋ] (noun) 漂白 – 指动植物组织颜色失去或减淡的过程，通常是由于温度、光照、化学物质或其他压力引起的

And most scientists agree that we should pursue ways to cut emissions and remove atmospheric CO2 first and foremost.
However, there are reasons to keep studying these more aggressive approaches. Desperate times call for desperate measures, and in the future, geoengineering might be civilization’s last resort.
Furthermore, some of these plans would be shockingly easy to execute by some rogue actor with enough cash.
So we’ll want to be prepared if someone starts geoengineering without governmental approval.

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大多数科学家都同意，我们应该首先追求减少排放和去除大气中的二氧化碳。然而，我们有理由继续研究这些更激进的方法。在危急时刻需要采取危急措施，在未来，地球工程可能是文明的最后一条出路。此外，其中一些计划可能会被某些拥有足够资金的不法分子轻易执行。因此，如果有人开始进行地球工程而没有政府批准，我们需要做好准备。

Pursue [pərˈsu:] (verb) 追求 – 指为了达到某个目标而全力以赴，坚持不懈地努力
Emissions [ɪˈmɪʃnz] (noun) 排放 – 指将废气、排污物等物质释放到环境中的过程或结果
Geoengineering [ˌdʒi:əʊˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ] (noun) 地球工程 – 指人类有意干预地球自然系统以应对气候变化、生态危机等问题的技术手段和方案
Rogue [roʊɡ] (adjective) 不法的 – 指违反法律、道德、社会习惯等行为准则的，具有危险性或独立性的
Approval [əˈpru:vəl] (noun) 批准 – 指正式通过、认可或同意某项计划、决议、申请等

But perhaps the most important reason to investigate the impacts of geoengineering is that people are already making large scale interventions in the atmosphere. In many ways, climate change is an unintended geoengineering project fueled by the emissions generated from centuries of burning fossil fuels.
And unless we take action to curb emissions and draw CO2 out of the atmosphere soon,summer may never be the same again.